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Summary of how the Biblical Covenants relate to Israel

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All of the covenants find their ultimate fulfilment in the seed of Abraham and David, Jesus the Messiah. ’In thee shall all families of the earth be blessed’ (Gen.12:3) Both Gentile and Jewish believers have been blessed as a result of the shed blood of the Messiah which brings salvation, justification, redemption, adoption, sanctification, glorification and eternal life with Him.

Yeshua (Jesus) will also fulfil the promises relating to the geographical aspect of His kingdom. At the last supper Jesus specifically promised his disciples the honour of ruling over the twelve tribes of Israel in His kingdom. ‘And I appoint unto you a kingdom, as my Father hath appointed unto me; That ye may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom, and sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel.’ (Luke 22:29; c.f. Matt. 19:28)

In the Davidic Covenant, the throne, king and kingdom shall be established forever. (2 Sam. 7:12-13) and in (Rev. 22:16-17) there is the promise for all believers ‘ I Jesus have sent mine angel to testify unto you these things in the churches. I am the root and offspring of David, and the bright and morning star. And the Spirit and the bride say, Come. And let him that heareth say, Come. And let him that is athirst come. And whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely!’

Finally, the New Covenant shows the limitations of the Mosaic one and the assurance of a better covenant. ‘For if that first covenant had been faultless, then should no place have been sought for the second.’ (Heb. 8:8) Whilst certain promises apply primarily to Israel, the scope of the covenant and the provision of salvation and eternal blessings extend to all believers. ‘And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance’. (Heb. 9:13)

Bibliography

A. W. Pink The Divine Covenants (Baker; Michigan, 1984)
The Lion Handbook of the Bible Edited and produced by David & Pat Alexander (Lion Publishing; Berkhamsted,1973)
Joyce Baldwin Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries 1 and 2 Samuel (IVP; Leicester, 1995)
William Barclay Jesus as they saw Him Redwood Burn limited (SCM; London, 1963)
Kevin Conner & Ken Malmin The Covenants Bible Temple Publishing (City Bible Publishing; Portland, 1997)
John Gill https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/geb.html
Wayne Gruden Systematic Theology Zondervan Publishing House (IVP; Leicester, 1994)
KJV Prophecy Study Bible General Editor Grant Jeffery (Zondervan; Grand Rapids, 1998)
J Dwight Pentecost Thy Kingdom Come Kregel Publications (Kregel; Grand Rapids, 1995)
Expository Dictionary of Bible Words Editor Stephen D. Renn Hendrickson Publishers (Hendrickson; Peabody, 2005) Cyrus Scofield The Scofield Reference Bible (Oxford University Press; London, 1917)
James Strong Strongs Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible World Bible Publishers (Abingdon; Iowa, 1986)
John Walvoord Major Bible Prophecies (Zondervan; Grand Rapids, 1991)